Apparatus for swaging metals



Dec. 4, 1951 P. T. BOHLANDER APPARATUS FOR SWAGING METALS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 3nventor Paul ZEo/zlander Filed Dec. 2, 1949 (Ittomeg Dec. 4, 1951 P. T. BOHLANDER APPARATUS FOR SWAGING METALS 3 Sheets-Sheet Filed Dec. 2, 1949 INVENTOR. Paul ZIBohlcvzder Patented Dec. 4, 1951 s 2,517,303 APPARATUS FOR swaomo METALS Paul T. .Bohlander, Aliquippa, Pa., assignor' to Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh. Pa... a corporation of Pennsylvania Application Decc'mber 2, 1949, Serial No. 130,760

This invention relates to metalworking appa 'ratus of the rotary swaging machine type, and is particularly directedtoimproved means for introducing lubricating and cooling fluid into the 'dies of such apparatus.

Rotary swaging machines are characterized by a claims. (Cl. 78-21) a a plurality ordies mounted in a rotary head' which are caused to act on the periphery of the work by a plurality of rollers surrounding this "head. As each die passes under a, roller, it is depressed, striking the work, while between blows the diesare thrown outward by centrifugal force. In rotary swaging machines of conventional type,"

the dies alone are rotated about'the work, the

rollers being mounted-in the stationary machine housing. This type of machine is satisfactory for relatively small diameter work pieces, but not satisfactory for large diameter work,3such as pipe from five to seven inches in outside diameter.

The relatively large size'of the rotary head carry-;

mg the dies limits the speed of rotation of such head, consequently limiting the number of blows which can be delivered by the dies to the work,

and so limiting the rate at which swaging can proceed. For large work pieces it is more desirable to use the counter-rotating type of swa m machine in which the dies anda ring carrying the rollers are rotated in opposite directions. A machine of this type, constructed to handle pipe of the size previously mentioned, can be operated at reasonable rotational speeds but still produce a large 'numberof impacts upon the work and so; maintain a good rate of production. A counterrotating type of swagingmachine is described in Conner'and Robinson Patent No. 1,955,535.

g:, It is desirable in the operation of vswaging ma chines continuously to lubricate and cool'the dies by a flufid, such as oil or water. It is not a ,difii cult matter to provide for such lubrication'in' swaging' machines of the conventional type. wherein the die-carrying head only rotates, as inthe stationary part of the machine fluid conduits,

can be provided leading to the rotating dies. In

thecountenrotati'ng type of swaging machine; however, the rotatingdies are surounded by the counter rotating roller ring and means for I'd-1, tating this ring. It is an object of my invention,"- therefore, to provide means for lubricating and] cooling the dies and work of the counter-rotating";

type of swaging' machine.

subsequently cold worked by swaging or other means, the hot-rolled scale which formed on the surface of the material during the hot working flakes off since it is brittle and inelastic. In the case of a large work piece, such as pipe of the size reviously mentioned, the amount of this hotrolled scale which accumulates during swaging is considerable. This scale tends to work in between the dies of the rotating die head and, if not removed, packs tightly, causing premature die breakage. Prior to my invention, to the bestoi my knowledge, counter-rotating type swaging machines had been provided with means for'in- 'troducing lubricant at the surface of the work piece only, it being considered that the centrifugal force developed in the rotation of theme chine would throw the fluid outward through the dies and roller rings. In practical operation, however, I have found that lubricating means of this type cannot prevent the accumulation of hotrolled-scale between the dies. It is therefore a further object of my invention to provide means for flushing out hot-rolled scale and preventing its accumulation in the dies. Other'objects will appear in the course or the following description of my invention. 1 My invention is an improvement'in swaging machines which provides an annular channel or conduit for lubricant. concentric with the swaging machine axis and formed in two annular parts. One part is carried by the annular end plate attached to the inner rotating head, whereas the other annular part, which cooperates with the first-mentioned part to form a closed channel.

is'stationary. Lubricating fluid may be introduced through this stationary part. I also proyide fluid passages in the annular end plate leading from the annular channel to the dies and rollers, through which lubricating fluid may flow, and other fluid passages through which this fluid may drain to a sump. From this sump it is pumped to the lubricating channel and recirculated.

A present preferred embodiment of my inventiOl'l'iS illustrated in the accompanying-figures of which: I -';Figure 1 is cross-sectional view of a counterrotating type swaging machine provided withthe apparatus of my invention taken on the plane I'-I-of..Eigure 2; and. y

Fi ure 2 is an elevation of such a machine illustrating details of my apparatus.

Figure 3 is an end elevation of the lubricating apparatus of my invention taken in cross section on the plane III, III of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is a cross section through a portion of the apparatus of Figure 3 taken on the plane IV, IV of this figure.

Figure 5 illustrates in detail an element of my apparatus.

The swaging machine comprises a heavy base structure I; housing apair of-"roll er'bearings 2, in which'rotates a hollow spindle 3-; The spindle 3 in turn houses a pair of roller bearings 4, in which rotates a second hollow spindle 5. end of spindle 3 is enlarged to form a flywheel pulley 6, which is recessed to contain an annular roll carrier I provided with aplur'ality of freely rotating rollers 8. The axis of the roll carrier-I is concentric with that of the spindles 3-'and 5," and the roll carrier '1 is free to revolve about this; axis. An end housing 9 closes the recess in the flywheel IS in which the roll carrier I revolves. The corresponding end .of spindle 5 is provided with a die carrier I'Il having radial slotsin which -aplurality of dies II are mounted in opposing pairs. The dies are free to move radially in the slots, but'are confined in the die carrier If! by the end plate I2. The opposite end of spindle 5 is provided with a flywheel-pulley I3. Pulleys 6 and I3 are caused to rotate in opposite directions by belts I4 actuated by driving'means not shown. This apparatus is described in more detail inthe Conner and Robinson patent prevtively of the ring I5 so that the split ring I9 closes the annular channel I8. As has been'm'entioned, the ring I5, which is a part of the end plate I2, rotates with the inner spindle 5 of the swaging machine. The split ring I9, however, is maintained stationary, its annular channels 29 and 2| forming rotary seals with the annular flanges lfi and I'Iof ring I5.

. The end plate I2 v.is provided with a plurality of fluid passages 22 leading from the channel one dischar'gepa'ssages 23.; I findyhoweve'nithat this is not the case, and'that fluid 'so introduced flushes scale out of the dies very effectively and also lubricates the work surface of the swaged article.

The fluid, carrying accumulated scale, discharges only from the fluid passages 23 when "they are at the bottom of their circle of rotation and is collected in the sump 24, from which the fluidis conducted by the drain pipe 25 to the 1 pump 26 for recycling. Although not shown in I8 to the inner face of the end plate, preferably at points adjacent the zone of contact between the hammer rolls 8 and the dies I I. The flywheel pulley 6 housing the annular roll carrier I is also provided with fluid passages 23 leading from the inside end of the roll carrier recess through the flywheel pulley 6 and the housing 9. A sump '24 is'provided below the flywheel pulley 5, discharging into a drain pipe 25. The drain pipe 25 leads to a fluid pump 26 of conventional type, which forms no part of my invention and is therefore represented schematically only. The drive for pump 25 is not shown. This pump 26 forces fluid through the pipe 21 into thebranch pipes 28 and 29 which are tapped into the split ring I9." A fluid discharge pipe 30 is also prothe drawing, a filter at the upper end of the drain pipe 25 is desirable.

The channel I8 from which the lubricating fluid is'distributedmay take other forms-than that of the figures. For example, the stationary split ring I9 could be located inside the ring I5 and form the bottom rather than the top of the channel. Or, the rings I5 and .I9 might be constructed to separate" in a vertical rather than a horizontal plane. Likewise, the fluid passages 22 in the end plate I2 might be brought out'at other points on the inner face of this end plate, although I obtain best results when these passages terminate as shownv at the zone of contact of the hammer rolls 8 and the dies II. a

Although I have describedand illustrated the present preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto but maybe otherwise embodied or practiced within the scope of my claims.

I claim: 7 l. Lubricating apparatus for a counter-rotating swaging machine or the like provided with an inner rotating swaging-head, a'rotating annular hammer roll carrier and an outer rotating head, comprising an annular end plate adapted to be attached to the inner rotating head, an annular fluid conduit concentric with this plate and formed of two annularmembers rotatable one on the other, one of said members being attached to the annular end plate and the other said member being maintained stationary, a plurality of fluid passages within the end plate each communicating with the annular fluid conduit and opening on the inner face of the end plate, and means for introducing fluid into the annular fluid conduit through thestationary member thereof.

2. Lubricating apparatus for a counter rotating swaging machine or the likeypr'ovi'ded with an inner rotating swaging head; arotating :annular hammer roll carrier and an outer rotating head, comprising an annular end plate adapted to be attachedto the inner rotating head, an annular axial extension'of the end plate provided with a pair of separated parallel annular flanges projecting radially outward, a stationary ring surrounding these flanges and provided on its inner surface with a pair of annular. channels cooperating with the'parallel flanges of the. end plate extension to form a closedanriular fliii d conduit, a plurality of fluid passages within the end plate each communicating with the closed face of the end plate, and means for introducing REFERENCES CITED fluid into the closed annular fluid conduit through The following references are of record in the g e y ringt 1 2 h h file of this patient:

u rica mg appara us as in 0 arm in w ic the fluid passages in the annular end plate open 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS on the inner face thereof at the zone of contact Number Name Date between the hammer rolls and the inner rotating 591,454 Cook Oct. 12, 1897 swaging head and the annular end plate is pro- 1,804,643 Ricardo May 12, 1931 vided at its junction with the outer rotating head 1,955,535 Conner Apr. 17, 1934 with a radially outwardly projecting annular 10 1,943,089 Rosenberg Jan. 9, 1934 flange cooperating with the outer rotating head. 2,460,490 Cook Feb. 1, 1949 PAUL T. BOHLANDER. 

